Discourteous and rude behaviors, such as making derogatory remarks, ignoring co-workers, and using condescending tone, are examples of incivility at work. These behaviors have grown worse in the past ten years. Being victimized by uncivil behavior places you at risk of "paying it forward" - that is, also participating in these behaviors. The earlier in the day incivility occurs, the more likely it is passed along. Incivility causes victims to lose attention at work and expend emotional energy, because they ruminate about the intentions of the perpetrator, mull over how to respond, or spend time thinking or talking with others concerning what to do about it. This frustration and emotional burden, according to one research study, costs $14,000 per employee per year in lost productivity based on the amount of incivility experienced in the average workplace! Remembering how incivility takes its toll can help employees participate in it less.